Rivet setting machine



Jan. 16, 1945. B. P. COOPER ET AL 2,357,265

- RIVET SETTING MACHINE n Filed Feb. 14, 1944 72 /wenors Basil P Cooper Joz'n B. Morne B V' ttorne \J y 4the two segments tightly against Patented Jan. 16, 1945 2,367,265 y RIVErrV SETTING MACHINE Basil Pomeroy Cooper and John Bertram Thorne, Leicester, England, assignors to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Flemington, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application February 14, 1944, Serial No. 522,282 In Great Britain April 30, 1943 Claims.

The'purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved machine for setting tubular rivets of the type in which .the throat extends all the way through a rivet. The invention provides rivet upsetting means adapted to be inserted through the throat of a rivet from the head end thereof and retractedV to upset the clenching end, as when the latter is not otherwise accessible because of `the structure in which the rivet is to be clenched. t

Theups'etting means includes a pair of separable rivet engaging members and a stem located between them, all arrangedr to extend f through a rivet, the rivet engaging members being designed to upsettwo diametrically opposite segments of the clenching end in consequenceY of being forced apart radially of the rivet with a wedging 'effect by the stem.l For this purpose the illustrated machine is designed to maintain the stem in one position while an operating mechanism retracts the rivet engaging members'with a movement of translation. Considering the results thus obtained, the radial displacement of the rivet engaging members upsets' two segments of a rivet while the translational component renders the upsetting progressive along the'length of the rivet and packs the iinally upset metal of the riveted structure, f

The illustrated machine is portable and de-` v signed to be operated by hand. It comprises a novel combination of mechanisms, one for oper-A ating the rivet engaging members as above set forth and the otherfor turning them through a partial revolution about the axisof the rivet to place them on another diameter-thereof after the first two rivet segments have been upset and clenched. Moreover, the mechanism rst mentioned pushes the rivet engaging members ahead after each upsetting stroke to release them'from the upset segments before they are turned tothe next position by the other mechanism, thus relieving them from torsional stress. This combination of mechanisms providesfor clenching two pairs of segments successively without turning the body ofthe machine.

In the drawing,

Fig'. 1 is a side elevation of the illustrative apparatus; I

Fig. 2 is a view mainly in section of `the illustrative apparatus, taken in the direction of the arrow II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation to a larger scale than Fig. 1, showing rivet engaging elements with which the illustrative apparatus is provided;

Fig. 4 is a viewV to the' same scale as Fig. 3 showing the action of the rivet engaging elements upon a rivet when an axial pull is imparted to them;

Fig. 5 is a View of a rivet and rivet engaging elements as they would appear when viewed in the direction of the arrow V in Fig. 3; and, t Fig. 6 is a view of the rivet seen in Fig. 5 after having been operated upon by the rivet engaging elements of the illustrative apparatus.

The illustrative apparatus (which is a portable apparatus intended to be held in th'e hands of the operator) comprises rivet-entering means which consists of `a central stem l which tapers lto a point at its forward end and two rivet-engaging elements 3 'which engage the stem Al at diametrically opposed localities thereof and are slidable longitudinally with respect to the stem l. The rivet-engaging elements 3 are similar to each other. Each is a resilient steel strip throughout the major portion of its length but its rivetengaging end portion has a bulb of v hemisphe'rical shape, the inner surface of the bulb being slidable along the stem and concave to produce the radial displacement above mentioned as it runs on the tapering end portion of the stem. When the stem l and the two rivetengaging elements 3 are about to be inserted into a rivet 5 the bulbed end portions of the two said elements 3 project beyond the forwardv end of the stem and touch each other. This relation enables them to be inserted through the throat of the rivet together with the stem l. When the parts are fully inserted the saidbulbed end portions will lie some distance beyond the setting end of the rivet 5 'while the stem l will project va shorter distance beyond the setting end of the rivet. When, by means hereinafter described, the two said rivet-engaging elements 3 are pulled back while the stem l remains stationary, the

' and arranged that on rotation of a single operating member the said rivet-engaging elements 3 are pulled back to 'effect spreading as described of two diametrically opposite segments of the setting end portion 'of the` rivet 5, then pushed ahead to free them'from the rivet, then automatically turned 90 about the axis of the rivet, then again pulled back to spread two other segments of the rivet, and again pushed ahead to permit their removal from the rivet. The arrangement of parts to achieve this sequence of motions will now be described.

The body of the apparatus includes a cylindri..

cal tubular casing 1 (which may conveniently be some 14 inches in length) on the forward end of which there is secured a cap 9 and on the rearward end of which is secured a rest II against which the operator may exert pressure by his arm or body to hold the apparatus firmly up to the work, the said cap 9 acting as an anvil to buttress the flange of a rivet against the workpiece w. The cap 9 has a boss I3 inside the casing 1, and a throat I5 of circular section extending therethrough. The stem land the two rivet;

engaging elements 3 extend loosely through the f threat I5 and may turn therein. A circular plate I1 is located inside the casing 1 just behind the boss I3 of the cap 9. This-plate I1 is constrained against axial movement by the boss I3 and a shoulder I9 formed on the interior of the casing. Suflicient play is, however, allowed to permit the plate I1 to turn in its own plane about the axis of the casing 1. The rearward end portion of the said stem I is xed in a hole in the plate l1 but the rivet-engaging elements 3 extend loosely through two slots 2| in the plate.

Located inside the casing 1 is a rod 23 which is movable axially thereof. The forward end portion of the rod 23 has a bearing in a bore in the shoulder I9. In this end portion of the rod 23 are two slots in which the rear end portions of the rivet-engaging elements 3 are xed by means of a pin 25. The rod 23 at some distance from its rearward end has iixed to it a collar 21 which is slidable in the interior of the casing 1. The said rod 23 is formed in two separate portions joined near the middle of the rod by a telescopic connection 29 including a strong compression spring 3I. This spring 3| may yield to prevent applying excessive stress tothe rod 23 in a rivet-setting operation. The arrangement is, however, such thatl the two parts of the rod 23 may not turn with respect to each other about the axis of the rod. The provision of,such a spring yield also provides tolerance for rivets of different lengths.

Toggle means is provided for causing axial movement of the collar 21 and the rod 23 in the casing 1. This means comprises a forward toggle link 33 which is pivoted at its forward end portion on a pin 35 fixed in the casing 1 and at its rearward end portion to the forward end portion of a rearward toggle link 31 which at its rearward end portion carries a pin 39 which is slid-V able in a slot 4I in the casing 1. The slot 4I is parallel to the axis of the casing 1. The pin 39 projects through the slot 4I and into a circumferential groove .43 formed in the said collar 21. At the knee of the toggle (i. e. where the two said links 33, 31 are pivoted together) is a pin 450m which is mounted a cam roll 41. The roll lies in a cam groove 49 in a disk 5I affixed to a shaft 53. The shaft is journaled in a bracket formed on the casing 1. The walls of the cam vinder 13 through an arc of 90.

whereby the operator may rotate it. On rotation of the disk 5I through 360 the toggle shifts the collar 21 rst to the rear, then ahead to its initial position, again to the rear, and nally ahead to its initial position. These movements of the collar 21 are imparted by the rod 23 to the two rivetengagling elements 3, though not, of course, to the stem The following means is provided for turning the rivet-engaging elements about the axis offthe rivet 5 after each setting stroke. The shaft 53 also carries a cam member 51 the peripheral surface of which is engaged by a roll 59 carried by one'4 end of a lever 6I. The lever is connected to the casing 1 by a fulcrurn stud E5 and its other end has a pivotal connection with a bar 63. A pin 61 affixed to the rear end of the bar projects through a guiding slot 69 in the casing 1 and into a helical groove 1I in the periphery of acylinder 13 rotatably installed inside the casing 1 but constrained against axial movement by pins'12 and a circumferential groove 14. The coaction of the pin 61, the slot 69 and the helical groove 1I produces oscillation of the cyl- The rearward end portion of the rod 23 and the cylinder 13 have interengagedspline formations 15 by which the rod, the rivet engaging members 3`and the plate I1 are oscillated with respect to the casing 1. A tension spring 83 connecting the level` 6I and the casing 1 maintains the roll 59 against the cam 51.

The cam 51 is so designed as 'to turn the rivet engaging members only when they are in the advanced portion of their range of axial travel, when they are free from a rivet. Assuming that the cam assemblage is in its initial position, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and about to be rotated counterclockwise (Fig. 1), the spring 83 and the falling portion 8l of the cam 51 will complete the last turning of the members 3 while they are being pulled back but before they are wedged apart by the stem I. The low part of the cam is concentric through about and postpones the next turning until the members 3 have been pushed forward far enough to free them from the rivet after the rst upsetting stroke. During the remainder of their advancing stroke and the beginning of their second pulling stroke they are turned bythe rising portion 11 of the cam, but again their turning is completed before Ithey are wedged apart by the stem I. At this point the high concentric segment 11 of the cam postpones further turning of the members 3 until they have been pushed ahead far enough after their second upsetting stroke to be closed and withdrawn from the rivet. The final turning of the members 3 due to the spring 83 and the falling portion 8l of the cam, though usually less than 90 at the completion of a cycle, is of no consequence.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. A machine for upsetting a tubular rivet having a throat extending `from end to end, the machine comprising an anvil arranged to buttress the head end of the rivet, a pair of rivet engaging members projecting from the anvil to extend through said throat to and beyond the clinching end of the rivet, a rotary cam assemblage, mechanism operable by said assemblage to impart successive pullingstrokes and yreverse strokes to said rivet engaging members, means arranged to force "52,367,265 #said rivetlengaging members apart duri/ng each Fto said rod to be moved thereby along said stem 'pulling stroke to displace two diametrically opporr'site segments of theclenching end of the rivet,

and means operableby thevcam assemblage forV turning the rivet engaging members through a partialrevolution about the-axis of the rivet in alternation With said pulling strokes.

2. A machine for upsetting a tubular rivet having a throat extending from end to end, the machine comprising an anvil arranged to buttress the head end of the rivet, a pair of rivet engaging ymembers projecting from the anvil to extend through said throat to and beyond the clinching end of the rivet, a rotary cam assemblage, mechanism operable by said assemblage to impart successive pulling strokes and reverse strokes to said rivet engaging members, a stem located between said rivet engaging 'members and braced against end thrust to lforce them apart in consequence of said pulling strokes, and means operable by said cam assemblage for turning the rivet'engaging members through a partial revolution about the axis of the rivet in alternation with said pulling strokes.

3. A machine for upsetting a tubular rivet having a throat extending from end to end, the machine comprising a stationary assemblage including an anvil and a stem projecting therefrom to extend through the .throat of the rivet from the head end-` thereof, a linearly movable assemblage carried by the stationary assemblage and including a pair of rivet engaging members extending thro-ugh and beyond the anvil to lie between said stem and two diametrically opposite segments of the rivet, operating means carried by the stationary assemblage for reciprocating the linearly movable assemblage lengthwise of the rivet, and operating means carried by the stationary assemblage for turning said linearly movable assemblage through a partial revolution about the axis of the rivet, said 'stem being braced against end thrust to force said rivet engaging members apart in consequence of pulling them along the stem.

4. A machine for upsetting a tubular rivet having a throat extending from end to end, the machine comprising a stationary assemblage includu ing an anvil and a stem projecting 'therefrom to extend through the throat of the rivet from the headend thereof, a linearly movable assemblage carried by the stationary assemblage and including a pair of rivet engaging members extending through and beyond the anvil to lie between said stem and two diametrically opposite segmentso-f the rivet, a toggle connecting said assemblages, a rotary operating assemblage carried bysaid stationary assemblage and including means by which the knee of the toggle is shifted across and to opposite sides of its dead center position, and means operable by said rotary-assemblage for oscillating said linearly movable assemblage through apartial revolution about the axis of the rivet, said stem being arranged to force the rivet engaging members apart as the knee of said toggle moves' and rotated, a' rotary operating assemblage carried by said tubular member outside the latter, means operable by said rotary assemblage for reciprocating said rod endwise,v and means also [operable by said rotary assemblage for turning ',saidrod intermittentlyabout its axis, said stem being arranged to force the rivet engaging members apart as they traverse it lengthwise in one direction. i Y

- 6. A machine as defined in claim 5in which said rod comprises relatively movable parts and resilient means connecting them to relieve the rivet engaging members and the rotary operating assemblage from excessive stress due to rivet upsetting movement. I

7. A machine-for upsetting a tubular rivet having a throat extending from end to end, the machine comprising an anvil; a stem projecting therefrom to extend through the throat of a rivet,

a tubular body member by which the anvil and the stem are carried, a rod movably installed inside said tubular body member, a pair of rivet engaging members extending along opposite sides of said stem and connected to said rod to be reciprocated thereby along said stem and rotated,

against end thrust to force the rivet engagingy members apart as they traverse it lengthwise in one direction, a rotatable member inside said tubular body member and having rotary driving connection with said rod but permitting relative endwise movement of the latter, and means operated by said operating assemblage for turning said rotatable member intermittently through a partial revolution.

8. A machine for upsetting a tubular rivet having a throat extending from end to end, the machine comprising a tubular body having an anvil at one end to buttress the head end of a rivet, a rod inside the tubular body and slidable lengthwise thereof, a pair of separable rivet engaging members secured tofone end of said rod and extending through the anvil to project through the throat of a rivet, a stem projecting from the anvil between said rivet engaging members to force them apart as their outer ends are drawn toward the anvil, the stem and the tubular body having a connection by which relative endwise movement of the stem is preventedan actuator carried by the tubular member and attached to one side thereof, and means forming an operating connection of said actuator and said rod for reciprocating the latter endwise.

tressing the head end of a rivet, a plurality of rivet engaging members yforming a Vgroup and arranged to extend through the anvil and the throat of a rivet, operating means carried by said body and connected to said rivet engaging members for moving them back and forth through the anvil, and a stem vprojecting from the anvil vin the center of the group of rivet engaging members to force the latter radially away from each other as they are drawn towards said body, the stern and the body having a connection by which relative endwise movement of the stem is prevented.

10.*A machine for upsetting a tubular rivet having a .throat extending from end to end, the

machine comprising afbody hav'ngan anvil rpoi'- axis Aoi. the stem and lengthwise .of said axis, tion and a stem projecting from the latter `to exoperating means mounted on the :body for retend through a rivet, kan assemblage .including (a i .c procating s aid rod lengthwise, and means for rod and a plurality of separable rivet engaging turning the rod about said axis.

members carried thereby and extending along 5 .BASIL POMEROY COOPER. said stem, said rod .having a bearing in the fbody JOHN .BERTRAM THORNE. 'and being movable relatively thereto about 'the 

